The Wall is a colossal fortification that protects the north from threats beyond the Wall, such as wildlings. Beginning near Last Hearth, the Last River flows southeast between Karhold and the Dreadfort. The Umbers control the Lonely Hills and land along the Bay of Seals.

North of Winterfell and the Dreadfort and northwest of Karhold are the lands of House Umber, whose castle of Last Hearth is in a forest. The largest, Skagos, is said to be inhabited by cannibals and unicorns and is only nominally controlled by the Starks of Winterfell. In the Bay of Seals are several islands, including Skagos and uninhabited Skane. East of their castle, Karhold, are the Grey Cliffs. Northeast of the Dreadfort are the forested lands of House Karstark. The Dreadfort lies near the Weeping Water, which flows east to the Shivering Sea. Hornwood, the seat of House Hornwood, is in the Hornwood forest north of White Harbor and south of the Dreadfort, the seat of House Bolton. The Bite separates the southeastern North, much of which is influenced by House Manderly of White Harbor, from the Vale of Arryn. Widow's Watch, the castle of House Flint of Widow's Watch, is built on an isolated peninsula east of Ramsgate in the Shivering Sea. Southeast of White Harbor is Oldcastle, the seat of House Locke, while farther east are Ramsgate and the Broken Branch, which has its source in the Sheepshead Hills northeast of White Harbor. The White Knife runs south to White Harbor, one of the major cities of the Seven Kingdoms and the main port of the north. Castle Cerwyn, the seat of House Cerwyn, is near a tributary south of Winterfell. Д®ast of the barrowlands is the White Knife, a major river of the north which has its source at Long Lake northeast of Winterfell. South of the peninsula are Ironman's Bay and the Iron Islands. Flint's Finger, home of House Flint of Flint's Finger, is on its north shore, and Cape Kraken and the Flint Cliffs are along its western and southern shores. ДЄ large peninsula is west of the Neck and south of the Saltspear and Blazewater Bay. Here the Kings in the North held off southron invasions. The ruined castle of Moat Cailin, on the causeway near the Fever River, controls access to the north from the Neck. A vast swamp and the source of the Green Fork, the Neck is home to the crannogmen House Reed rules from the moving castle Greywater Watch. South of the barrowlands is the Neck, an isthmus forming the border with the riverlands to the south. There are unnamed rivers which flow south from Barrowton and near Torrhen's Square into the Saltspear, while another unnamed river divides the Stony Shore from the Rills. House Dustin rules the large town of Barrowton. East of the Rills and south of Winterfell are the barrowlands, hilly plains dotted with the barrows of the First Men. Southeast of the Stony Shore and north of Blazewater Bay is the Rills, plains which are ruled by House Ryswell. Farther west along the Sunset Sea is the Stony Shore, which contains fishing villages. Torrhen's Square, seat of House Tallhart, is by the largest of these lakes. South of the wolfswood is hilly terrain with several large lakes. The northern mountains extend from the wolfswood to the Wall and are inhabited by northern mountain clans. House Mormont rules Bear Island in the Bay of Ice. Deepwood Motte, the seat of House Glover, lies in the western wolfswood.

The vast wolfswood, the largest forest of the Seven Kingdoms, extends northwest to the Bay of Ice and Sea Dragon Point. Winterfell, the ancestral seat of House Stark, is a large castle at the centre of the north. The north is bound on each side by major seas, the Shivering Sea to the east and the Sunset Sea to the west. The north has two major land barriers, the Wall to the north and the Neck to the south. Its climate is cold and harsh in winter and occasionally it will snow in summer. The region is sparsely populated, with vast wilderness, forests, pine-covered hills and snow-capped mountains, speckled with tiny villages and holdfasts. While some say the vast north is nearly as large as the rest of the Seven Kingdoms combined, in actuality it is roughly a third of the landmass controlled by the Iron Throne. Martin has indicated that Scotland is an inspiration for the north. Northland Keep by Alyn Spiller В© Fantasy Flight Games

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